zirconium


 * ​Niyema Boseman **
 * All About Elements **
 * Zr(__Zirconium__) **



__Element Name__ = Zirconium __Symbol__ = Zr __Atomic number__ = 40 __Atomic mass__ = 91 __Protons__ = 40 __Electrons__ =40 __Neutrons__ =51 __Most common isotope__ =Zr-25 (half lives are unknown)

1s2 2s2p6 3s2p6d10 4s2p6d2 5s2 __Physical properties__ = Zirconium is a strong gray-white metal __Chemical properties__ = Zirconium is a solid and is not toxic at all
 * Electron configuration **
 * Physical and chemical properties **


 * History**

Martin Heinrich Klaproth, a German chemist, discovered Zirconium in 1789. Zirconium was named after the silicate mineral in which it was first discovered, zircon. 

The name Zirconium comes from the word "zarkun" which means good-luck in Persian. Zirconium is classified as a ​"Transition Metal" which are located in Groups 3 - 12 of the Period​ic Table. which means that you can conduct heat and electricity too.

Past and Present Industrial, Commercial and/or Medical uses **

Zirconium is used for nuclear energy because it’s hard for the element to absorb neutrons. It is also used to make surgical instruments and is used in steel as a hardening agent. When you look at a steal pipe your also looking at Zirconium. It is used in the chemical industry because it has a resistance to corrosion. Zirconium is also used to make magnets. Sometimes when you look at rings or ear rings you might think your looking at a diamond, but your not. Zirconium is a substitute for diamonds because it looks a lot alike.

**Common Forms**

Zircon is found in magma, gravel, sand, concrete. In this form, it is often mixed different gems that you can find in jewelry. The vast majority of the zircon used in industry today originates in these sand and gravel deposits. The purest zircon is used as zirconium metals as a hardening tool. Less pure zircon are used in the forms of stabilized zirconia for ceramic products. There is also traces of zirconium in our soil, seawater,

​** Isotopes and Radioactive Isotopes ** Zirconium has 25 isotopes whose half-lives are known, with mass numbers 81 to 105. Of these, four are stable: 90Zr, 91Zr, 92Zr and 94Zr. The most naturally abundant is 90Zr at 51.5%.

Naturally occurring Zirconium is composed of four stable isotopes, and one extremely long-lived Radioisotope (96Zr), which decays via double beta decay with the observed Half-life of 2.0×1019 years; it can also undergo single beta decay which is not yet observed, but the theoretically predicted value of T½ is 2.4×1020 years. The second most stable radioisotope is which has a Half-lifeof 1.53 million years. Eighteen other radioisotopes have been observed. Most of these have half-lives that are less than a day except for 95Zr (64.02 days), 88Zr (63.4 days), and 89Zr (78.41 hours). The primary decay mode is electron capture for isotopes lighter than 92Zr, and the primary mode for heavier isotopes is beta decay.

Bibliography and Photography **
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​[|www.webelements.com/zirconium] [|www.chemicool.com/elements/zirconium.html] __www.periodictable.com/elements/040/index.html__